n.

a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end

同義詞：campaigncausedrivemovementeffort

any of the more or less continuous military expeditions in the 11th to 13th centuries when Christian powers of Europe tried to recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims

CRUSADING AS AN ACT OF LOVE *
Criticism of crusading : 1095-1274
The First Crusade and Idea of Crusading
Crusading Journalism: Changing Public Attitudes and Policy-Making Agendas
Crusading Peace:Christendom, the Muslim World, and Western Political Order
Elisabeth Siberry. — Criticism of Crusading, 1095-1274, 1985
Long Time Going: Religion and the Duration of Crusading
The First Crusade and the Idea of Crusading. by Jonathan Riley-Smith
The Chronicle of Ibn al-Athir for the Crusading Period from al Kamil fi'l-Ta'rikh
Toma? Mastnak, Crusading Peace: Christendom, the Muslim World, and Western Political Order. Berkeley, Los Angeles, and London: Univ...