n.

a highly developed state of perfection; having a flawless or impeccable quality

"I admired the exquisite refinement of his prose"

同義詞：polishculturecultivationfinish

the result of improving something

"he described a refinement of this technique"

同義詞：elaboration

the process of removing impurities (as from oil or metals or sugar etc.)

同義詞：refiningpurification

a subtle difference in meaning or opinion or attitude

同義詞：nuancenicetyshadesubtlety

the quality of excellence in thought and manners and taste

"a man of intellectual refinement"

同義詞：civilizationcivilisation

Refinements of the Nash equilibrium concept
Dispersion corrections and crystal structure refinements
SCOP database in 2004: refinements integrate structure and sequence family data.
New refinements and validation of the collection-6 MODIS land-surface temperature/emissivity product
Service-dominant logic: reactions, reflections and refinements:
Transhiatal esophagectomy: clinical experience and refinements.
MODIS Global Land Cover : Algorithm Refinements and Characterization of New Datasets
MODIS Collection 5 global land cover: algorithm refinements and characterization of new datasets.
Terror Management Theory of Self-Esteem and Cultural Worldviews: Empirical Assessments and Conceptual Refinements
Improving the accuracy of PSI-BLAST protein database searches with composition-based statistics and other refinements